Summarized Research Articles

  Replacing part of glucose with galactose in the post-weaning diet beneficially affects later life metabolic health in female mice Here, weanling female mice (C57BL/6JRccHsd) were fed a starch containing diet with glucose (32 en%) monosaccharide (GLU) or a diet supplemented with glucose/galactose (1:1 both 16 en%) GLU+GAL body weight, body composition, and food intake were determined weekly. Global hepatic mRNA expression, hepatic triglyceride (TG) and glycogen contents were determined by enzymatic assays. The lactation period is followed by the period of weaning: a period when solid foods are gradually introduced in the diet The weaning period is characterized by a diversification of the diet, in particular in the carbohydrate fraction Due to the gradual reduction in milk intake, the relative intake from lactose decreases gradually during weaning, and, consequently, so does the intake of galactose. Galactose elimination from the blood is used as a (clinical) measure for hepatic f...

  Pyridoxamine reduced HFD-induced weight gain, attenuated adipocyte size increases, RAGE ligand accumulations, and RAGE-RAGE ligands binding, and decreased macrophage M1 polarization and increased M2 polarization in the visceral, subcutaneous, and perivascular fat tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high fat diet (HFD) These findings suggest pyridoxamide is a candidate for the treatment of obesity or complications related to obesity-induced inflammation. Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) In the obese, visceral fat tissue produces more inflammatory cytokines and is more infiltrated by inflammatory cells (predominantly macrophages) than subcutaneous fat tissues This tissue type is particularly susceptible to inflammation, as evidenced by the fact that levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) are more than 40-fold higher in perivascular adipocytes than subcircaneous adipocytes RAGE activates inflammation-related signaling cascades involving nuclear factor...

  Researchers are identifying new factors that contribute to the obesity epidemic changes in the photoperiod are one promising risk factor Here are some of the findings: In one experiment, Fischer 344 rats were treated for 14 weeks with either a long day (18 h light:6 h dark; LD) or a short day (6h light:18h dark; SD) and fed a standard diet (STD). Biometric measures, postprandial plasmatic parameters, gene expression in the retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RWAT) and brown adiposa tissue (BAT) were analyzed. Both experiments showed in the SD a decrease in the BAT expression of lipid uptake and β-oxidation genes, while only the STD additionally showed a reduction in Ucp1 expression. Obesity is a major health problem, defined by the World Health Organization as an "abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health," caused by an imbalance between caloric intake and calorie expenditure Its primary consequence is the predisposition to insulin resistance, ...